TY - BOOK AU - Smallman, R.E. AU - Ngan, A. H. W. TI - Modern Physical Metallurgy SN - 9789351071853; 9780080982045 (Original ISBN) U1 - 669.9 SMA 23rd PY - 2014/// CY - Oxford, UK PB - Butterworth-Heinemann KW - Physical metallurgy; Metallography N1 - Description Modern Physical Metallurgy describes, in a very readable form, the fundamental principles of physical metallurgy and the basic techniques for assessing microstructure. This book enables you to understand the properties and applications of metals and alloys at a deeper level than that provided in an introductory materials course. The eighth edition of this classic text has been updated to provide a balanced coverage of properties, characterization, phase transformations, crystal structure, and corrosion not available in other texts, and includes updated illustrations along with extensive new real-world examples and homework problems. Key Features Renowned coverage of metals and alloys from one of the world's leading metallurgy educators Covers new materials characterization techniques, including scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and nanoindentation Provides the most thorough coverage of characterization, mechanical properties, surface engineering and corrosion of any textbook in its field Includes new worked examples with real-world applications, case studies, extensive homework exercises, and a full online solutions manual and image bank Readership Mid/senior undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in metallurgy, materials science, physical metallurgy, mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, physics, manufacturing engineering and related courses Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgement About the authors Chapter 1. Atoms and Atomic Arrangements 1.1 The free atom 1.2 The periodic table 1.3 Interatomic bonding in materials 1.4 Bonding and energy levels 1.5 Crystal lattices and structures 1.6 Crystal directions and planes 1.7 Stereographic projection 1.8 Selected crystal structures 1.9 Imperfections in crystals Further reading Chapter 2. Phase Diagrams and Alloy Theory 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The concept of a phase 2.3 The Phase Rule 2.4 Stability of phases 2.5 The mechanism of phase changes 2.6 Two-phase equilibria 2.7 Three-phase equilibria and reactions 2.8 Intermediate phases 2.9 Limitations of phase diagrams 2.10 Some key phase diagrams 2.11 Ternary phase diagrams 2.12 Principles of alloy theory Further reading Chapter 3. Solidification 3.1 Crystallization from the melt 3.2 Continuous growth 3.3 Lateral growth 3.4 Dendritic growth 3.5 Forms of cast structure 3.6 Gas porosity 3.7 Segregation 3.8 Directional solidification 3.9 Production of metallic single crystals for research 3.10 Coring 3.11 Cellular microsegregation 3.12 Zone refining 3.13 Eutectic solidification 3.14 Continuous casting 3.15 Fusion welding 3.16 Metallic glasses 3.17 Rapid solidification processing Further reading Chapter 4. Introduction to Dislocations 4.1 Concept of a dislocation 4.2 Strain energy associated with dislocations 4.3 Dislocations in ionic structures 4.4 Extended dislocations and stacking faults in close-packed crystals 4.5 Sessile dislocations 4.6 Dislocation vector diagrams 4.7 Dislocations and stacking faults in cph structures 4.8 Dislocations and stacking faults in bcc structures 4.9 Dislocations and stacking faults in ordered structures Further reading Chapter 5. Characterization and Analysis 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Light microscopy 5.3 X-ray diffraction analysis 5.4 Analytical electron microscopy 5.5 Observation of defects 5.6 Specialized bombardment techniques 5.7 Scanning probe microscopy 5.8 Thermal analysis Further reading Chapter 6. Point Defect Behaviour 6.1 Point defects in metals (vacancies and interstitials) 6.2 Interstitial formation and nuclear irradiation 6.3 Point defects in non-metallic crystals 6.4 Point defect concentration and annealing 6.5 Clustered vacancy defects (dislocation loops, tetrahedra, voids) 6.6 Irradiation and voiding 6.7 Stability of defects 6.8 Nuclear irradiation effects Further reading Chapter 7. Diffusion 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Diffusion laws 7.3 Temperature dependence of diffusion 7.4 Other diffusion situations 7.5 Microscopic aspects of diffusion 7.6 Rapid diffusion paths 7.7 Anelasticity and internal friction Further reading Chapter 8. Physical Properties 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Density 8.3 Thermal properties 8.4 Order–disorder and properties 8.5 Electrical properties 8.6 Magnetic properties Further reading Chapter 9. Plastic Deformation and Dislocation Behaviour 9.1 Mechanical testing procedures 9.2 Elastic deformation 9.3 Plastic deformation 9.4 Dislocation behaviour during plastic deformation 9.5 Mechanical twinning 9.6 Atomistic modelling of mechanical behaviour Further reading Chapter 10. Surfaces, Grain Boundaries and Interfaces 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Coherency and incoherency 10.3 Surface energy 10.4 Measurement of surface energy 10.5 Anisotropy of surface energy 10.6 Grain boundaries and interfaces 10.7 Development of preferred orientation 10.8 Deformation textures 10.9 Texture hardening 10.10 Influence of grain boundaries on plasticity 10.11 Superplasticity 10.12 Very small grain size Further reading Chapter 11. Work Hardening and Annealing 11.1 Theoretical treatment – Taylor model 11.2 Work hardening of single crystals 11.3 Work hardening in polycrystals 11.4 Dispersion-hardened alloys 11.5 Work hardening in ordered alloys 11.6 Annealing 11.7 Recrystallization textures Further reading Chapter 12. Steel Transformations 12.1 Iron–carbon system 12.2 Basic heat treatment operations 12.3 Time–temperature transformation diagrams 12.4 Austenite–pearlite transformation 12.5 Austenite–martensite transformation 12.6 Austenite–bainite transformation 12.7 Tempering of martensite 12.8 Secondary hardening 12.9 Continuous cooling transformation diagrams 12.10 Thermo-mechanical treatments 12.11 Thermoelastic martensite Further reading Chapter 13. Precipitation Hardening 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Precipitation from supersaturated solid solution 13.3 Precipitation hardening of Al–Ag alloys 13.4 Mechanisms of precipitation hardening 13.5 Hardening mechanisms in Al–Cu alloys 13.6 Vacancies and precipitation 13.7 Duplex ageing 13.8 Particle coarsening 13.9 Spinodal decomposition Further reading Chapter 14. Selected Alloys 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Commercial steels 14.3 Cast irons 14.4 Superalloys 14.5 Titanium alloys 14.6 Structural intermetallic compounds 14.7 Aluminium alloys 14.8 Copper and copper alloys Further reading Chapter 15. Creep, Fatigue and Fracture 15.1 Creep 15.2 Metallic fatigue 15.3 Voiding and fracture 15.4 Fracture and toughness 15.5 Ductile–brittle transition 15.6 Factors affecting brittleness of steels 15.7 Hydrogen embrittlement of steels 15.8 Intergranular fracture 15.9 Fracture mechanism maps 15.10 Crack growth under fatigue conditions Further reading Chapter 16. Oxidation, Corrosion and Surface Engineering 16.1 Surfaces and environment 16.2 Oxidation 16.3 Aqueous corrosion 16.4 Surface engineering 16.5 Thermal barrier coatings 16.6 Diamond-like carbon 16.7 Duplex surface engineering Further reading Numerical Answers to Problems Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Appendix 1 SI units Appendix 2 Conversion factors, constants and physical data Appendix 3 Electron quantum numbers Appendix 4 Appendix 5 Appendix 6 Appendix 7 Electron tunnelling Index View less > UR - https://www.elsevier.com/books/modern-physical-metallurgy/smallman/978-0-08-098204-5 ER -